Ibikombe by'impapuro, amasahani y'impapuro, n'udusanduku tw'ifunguro rya saa sita tw'impapuro ni byo bikoresho byo kuriramo by'icyatsi kibisi cyane mu kinyejana cya 21.
Kuva byashingwa, ibikoresho byo ku meza byakozwe mu mpapuro byamamajwe cyane kandi bikoreshwa mu bihugu byateye imbere n'uturere nka i Burayi, Amerika, Ubuyapani, Singapuru, Koreya y'Epfo, na Hong Kong. Ibikoresho byo ku meza bifite imiterere yihariye nko kugaragara neza, kurengera ibidukikije n'isuku, kwirinda amavuta no kwihanganira ubushyuhe, kandi ntibigira uburozi kandi ntibihumura neza, bifite isura nziza, bikumva neza, birangirika kandi ntibihumanya. Ibikoresho byo ku meza by'impapuro bikimara kwinjira ku isoko, byahise byemewe n'abantu kubera ubwiza bwabyo budasanzwe. Inganda mpuzamahanga zicuruza ibiryo byihuse n'ibinyobwa nka McDonald's, KFC, Coca-Cola, Pepsi n'izindi nganda zitandukanye zikora noodles zoroshye zose zikoresha ibikoresho byo guteka impapuro. Nubwo ibikoresho bya pulasitiki byagaragaye mu myaka makumyabiri ishize kandi byavuzwe ko ari "impinduramatwara y'abazungu" byazanye ubworoherane ku bantu, byanatumye habaho "umwanda w'abazungu" ugoye kureka muri iki gihe. Kubera ko ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bigoye kongera gukoreshwa, gutwika bitanga imyuka yangiza, kandi ntibishobora kwangirika mu buryo busanzwe, kandi gushyingura bizasenya imiterere y'ubutaka. Guverinoma yanjye ikoresha miliyoni amagana z'amadolari buri mwaka kugira ngo ihangane nabyo, ariko nta ngaruka bigira. Iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bihumanya ibidukikije n'ibidukikije ndetse no gukuraho umwanda w'abazungu byabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku isi.
Kugeza ubu, mu rwego mpuzamahanga, ibihugu byinshi by’i Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byamaze gushyiraho amategeko abuza ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo kuriramo bya pulasitiki. Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze mu gihugu, Minisiteri y’Iterambere rya Gari ya Moshi, Minisiteri y’Itumanaho, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenamigambi rya Leta, Minisiteri y’Ubumenyi n’Ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n’inzego z’ibanze nka Wuhan, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Dalian, Xiamen, Guangzhou n’indi mijyi minini myinshi ni bo bafashe iya mbere mu gutanga amategeko abuza burundu ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo kuriramo bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kurya. Inyandiko No. 6 ya Komisiyo y’Ubukungu n’Ubucuruzi ya Leta (1999) nayo ivuga neza ko mu mpera za 2000, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo kuriramo bya pulasitiki rizahagarikwa burundu mu gihugu hose. Impinduramatwara ku isi yose mu gukora ibikoresho byo ku meza bya pulasitiki irimo kugaragara buhoro buhoro. Ibicuruzwa by’icyatsi kibisi kandi bitangiza ibidukikije by’ “impapuro aho kuba pulasitiki” byabaye kimwe mu bintu bikomeje kugaragara mu iterambere ry’umuryango w’iki gihe.
Kugira ngo bahuze kandi bateze imbere iterambere ry’ibikorwa byo "gukoresha impapuro mu gushushanya ipulasitiki", ku ya 28 Ukuboza 1999, Komisiyo y’Ubukungu n’Ubucuruzi ya Leta, ifatanyije n’Ubuyobozi bwa Leta bushinzwe Ubuziranenge n’Ubugenzuzi bwa Tekiniki, Minisiteri y’Ubumenyi n’Ikoranabuhanga na Minisiteri y’Ubuzima bashyizeho amahame abiri y’igihugu, "Amahame Rusange ya Tekiniki ku Bikoresho byo Kumeza Bishobora Kwangirika" na "Uburyo bwo Gupima Imikorere Bishobora Kwangirika", byashyizwe mu bikorwa kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2000. Bitanga ishingiro ry’ikoranabuhanga rihuriweho mu gukora, kugurisha, gukoresha no kugenzura ibikoresho byo guteka bishobora kwangirika mu gihugu cyacu. Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu cyacu no kunoza imibereho y’abaturage, ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku isuku n’ubuzima bukomeje kwiyongera. Kuri ubu, ibikombe by’impapuro bigomba kwangirika byabaye ngombwa mu ikoreshwa rya buri munsi ry’abantu mu nzego nyinshi zateye imbere mu bukungu.
Impuguke zivuga ko mu myaka itatu ishize, ibikoresho byo guteka impapuro bizakwirakwira mu gihugu vuba kandi byinjire mu ngo nyinshi. Isoko ryabyo ririmo kwiyongera cyane kandi ryaguka. Ni cyo kintu gikunze kugaragara ko ibikoresho byo ku meza bya pulasitiki bisoza intego yabyo y’amateka, kandi ibikoresho byo ku meza by’impapuro birimo kuba umudeli.
Kuri ubu, isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’impapuro rimaze gutangira, kandi isoko rifite amahirwe menshi. Dukurikije imibare, ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa by’impapuro n’ibikoresho byo guteka ryari miliyari 3 mu 1999, kandi ryageze kuri miliyari 4.5 mu 2000. Biteganijwe ko riziyongera cyane ku kigero cya 50% buri mwaka mu myaka itanu iri imbere. Ibikoresho byo guteka by’impapuro byakoreshejwe cyane mu bucuruzi, mu ndege, muri resitora zigezweho, muri resitora zikonje, mu bigo binini n’ibiciriritse, mu nzego za leta, mu mahoteli, mu miryango yo mu turere twateye imbere mu bukungu, nibindi, kandi birimo kwaguka vuba mu mijyi iciriritse n’iciriritse mu gihugu. Mu Bushinwa, igihugu gifite abaturage benshi ku isi. Isoko ryacyo rikomeye ritanga umwanya munini ku bakora ibicuruzwa by’impapuro.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-29-2024